Fiber-treating appliance for drawing and preparing fibers for spinning into yarns



PREPARING FIBERS .my n, wm;

. J H. DAVVSON FIBER TREATING APPLIANC'E FOR DRAWING AND FOR SPINNING 'INTO YARNS Filed March lO 192] 3 SheetS-Shee`l l REPARING FIBERS J. H. DAWSON FIBER TREATING APPLIANCE FOR DRAWING AND P FOR SPINNING INT0 YAR 5 Sheets-Shet 2 Filed March l0 iff/6.5".

Patented duly ll, 1924.

JAMES HENRY DAW'SUN, OF BRERLFIELD MILLS, NEAR BURNLEY, ENG-LAND.

FIBER-TREATING- APPLIANCE FOB, DRAWING AND PREPARING FIBERS FOR SPINNING INTO YARNS.

Serial No. 451,147.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS F THE ACT F MARGH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L., 1313.)

To all fr0/wm t may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMES HENRY DAwsoN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Brierfield Mills,

near Burnley, in the county of Lancaster,

England, have invented new and useful lmprovements in Fiber-Treating Appliances for Drawing and Preparing Fibers for Spinning into Yarns (for which l have filed applications in Great Britain, October 29, 1,918, Patent No. 133,800 and February 16, 1921, Patent No. 17 6,642; France, March 23, 1921, Patent No. 532,661;Belgium, April 6, 1921, Patent No. 295,553; Spain, April 29, 1921,

w Patent No, 78,063; Germany, April 6, 1921, Patent No. 362,508; India, July 19, 1921,

Patent No. 7,239; Switzerland, April 19,

1921, Patent No. 96,851; Canada, June 1, 1921, Patent No. 214,729; Italy, May 2l, 20 1921, application No. 1,893, vol. 302; and Austria, April 9, 1921, application No. A. 2,266 superseded by application filed July 5, 1921, application No. A 3,888), and of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to a device or appliance for obviating faults likely to occur in the-,preparatory treatment of 'textile fibers. "In the ordinary preparatory process, a parallelization of the fibers is sought to be obtained by repeated doubling up and drawing out, technically called the draft This is produced by the differential surface speeds of rollers or cylinders through which the fibers are passed, or by the combing action of the wire fillet of the carding engine.

These draft means are, however, only imperfectly effective for,parallelizing the fibers and result in leaving many fibers imperfectly laid and occasionally in torn or puckered and unevenly condensed selvages, which conditions tend to increase. the production of fly and waste in the subsequent processes, and the fly, as is well known, `'tends to accumulate at different points in the machinery, especially where the material passes through small holes, trumpets and the like, forming bunches, which are from time to time entrained by the sliver or rov the eventual yarn or thread. f

My invention has two objects, first, to secure more perfect parallelizing and proper ing, forming slubs or defects therein and in relative arraiigement of the fibers of the sliver, and second, to prevent accumulation of fluff or fly with its consequent impairment of the quality of the sliver. The first is accomplished by disposing along the path of the sliver a group or series of successively arranged fiber-parallelizing means in the nature `of friction rib surfaces disposed in transverse relation to the direction of sliver movement and which may be located at right angles thereto, and the second is attained by disposing` these fiber-parallelizing devices within an enclosure so that as the sliver moves through the passage, a slight inward draft of air is produced which causes the sliver to entrain or lick in any fluff as fast as it is formed and before it can accumulate, thus returning the fluff to the sliver in a uniform and unobjectionable manner and without producing slubs or weak spots in-the yarn.

The rib surfaces referred to exert a frictional drag on the bers as they Vare moved over them withthe sliver, and by their successive action haveI the effect of re-arranging the fibers in such a way as to produce a material increase in the breaking strength of the ultimate yarn.

The fiber-arranging action is very slight for each contact surface, but in the aggregate, tends to parallelize, and in general to establish a proper relation of fibers to each other, bringing about the practical advantage referred to. The action can be visualized, in a general way, by picturing the sliver as relatively stationary, and as being repeatedly and frequently stroked by rearwardly moving contact surfaces. The .effects stated are enhanced and more perfectly produced 4by subjecting opposite sides, or all sides, of the sliver to the frictional drag as by locating groups of said rib surfaces-on opposite sides of the sliver or entirely surrounding it by such ribs, which is the. preferred form of the invention. Each contact surface is rounded at the rear where contact with the fibers begins and preferably also in front. These devices may be used at any point in the preparatory processy where their action is desirable whether or not there is, at the points where they are located, a draft in the technical sense of the word,` and they preferably take the l form ofva passage of funnel or other shape,

or partly of funnel shape, and partly or wholly enclosed, and they may be varied in shape according to the location and the chalacter of the sliver and they may also be trough shaped possessing in each case, a series of Lfrictional drag surfaces projecting inward into the path of the sliver, under or over or both under and over or entirely surrounding the sliver to produce friction ou fibers at one or more sides of the sliver whatever its form, round, flat or otherwise.

To deal with the sides or selvages of the web of fiber, I may provide shaped horns orfingersof metal or other material or wiresor rods bent to a suitable shape.

The invention is illustrated `clearly in the accompanying drawings and will be explained more particularly and in detail in reference thereto.

Figure l vis a plan view;

Figure 2 a front elevation, and

Figure 3 a side elevation of an embodiment of the invention to be used for cards;

Figure l is a plan view;

Figure 5 a side elevation, and Figure y6 a plan view with the cover closed, of another form of the appliance devised for application to the coiler top of cards;

Figure 7 is a perspective; Figure 8 is a detail perspective; Figure 9 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 10 an end elevation looking in the direction of the sliver feed of an appliance for use with drawing frames.

Referring to Figures l to 3, the liber treating device there shown is designed for attachment to card fronts, and its sliver receiving passage is constituted as an elongated conical trumpet a of any suitable material, either sheet or cast metal, with a plate b having slots b1 to receive set screws for securing it to the card. The trumpet or flattened funnel is of gradually diminishing cross-section vfrom its extended mouth or inlet opening to its small exit hole c, and is provided with a series of fiber-contacting rib surfaces extending inwardly into the bore of the passage transverse to the sliver movement; in this form the said surfaces are in the shape o f encircling rings ci of wire-like projections and may be made by brazing round or half round wire of suitable gauge to the wall of the trumpet or they maybe, and preferably are, pressed out of the metal of the trumpet itself as shown. When the appliance is cast, the projections are moulded on.

The fleece or web of fiber is directed from the doffer of the card through the trumpet and in passing therethrough and out through the hole c the web comes into contactV with the wire like projections d, which put a frictional drag on the fibers with the effect hereinbefore stated. As the hole o is efficiently enclosed by the rib-carrying trumpet, accumulation of fluff' in bunches is obviated, and any fluff that is formed is carried forward with the sliver, as rapidly as it appears by the effect of the air draft produced by the passage of the sliver into and through the trumpet.

The appliance illustrated in Figs. el to (i, is secured by its base plate e to the coiler top of the card and is adapted to deal with the sliver after it leaves the appliance shown in Figures l to 3, and before it enters the calender rollers of the coiler top. lt is constructed preferably of sheet metal and consists of a trough f with a spla-yed or funnel mouth, g, and an outlet hole '7' in its bottom wall and arranged to be opened as by the provision of a cover L, hinged at the side. I prefer to provide both the trough and cover with friction drag or rib surfaces projecting inwardly into the bore of the sliverconducting passage, these surfaces being disposed at intervals along the trough as before, and being preferably, as illust 1ated, formed as wire-like members secured to or formed on the trough body and cover.

The sliver from the card box calender rollers passes along the splayed mouth g and through the trough f and coming into contact with the wire like projections d is iinproved in the parallelization of its fibers and owing to the hole or aperture through which it emerges being enclosed by the cover h the liability to accumulations of flufl at this point is obviated by the entraining effect. The cover h is hinged for convenience of piecing-up, as will be understood.

The appliance as illustrated in Figures 7 to 10, is secured by the bored lugs 7c to the calender roller cover of a Llrawing frame. It consists of a tray m with turned down sides and made of sheet metal or other ma terial, the surface of the tray which constitutes the passage for the sliver, being slightly concaved and having at spaced intervals projections u, preferably wire-like. The sides of the tray are tapered and at the end are formed with upturned curved edges o leading to the aperture 77. A cover (j, shown in plan and side elevation, respectively, in Figs. 8 and 9, can be placed over the aperture 7?, and can be removed for convenience of piecing-up. The sliver in its passage from the nip of the drawing frame front rollers, to the hole p is acted upon by the wire like projections u which serve as before to improve the parallelization of the fibers. The upturned edges of the curved guide 0 turn over the selvagcs of the sliver and direct it to the hole 79, the cover (l acting in conjunction with the curved guide 0 which is extended around the front of the hole, preventing any accumulations of fluff at this point.

Claims. j

l. Fiber treating appliances of the hind described having a passage for conducting a sliver and a `series of successively acting contact surfaces. disposed at intervals along and transversely of the sliver path and projecting into the path of the sliver, thereby exercising a repeatedsmoothing and parallelizing effect on the sliver.

2. Fiber treating appliances for conducting sliver adapted to exert a frictional drag on at least two opposite sides of the sliver, and comprising a series of* successively acting separated Contact surfaces projecting into the path of the sliver and transversely disposed at intervals along the sliver path.

3. A liber treating device comprising a passage for conducting sliver having a relatively large inlet and a restricted outlet, and a series of liber-contacting rib surfaces transversely disposed along the passage and adjoining, and projecting at intervals into, the sliver path and exerting a drag on the sliver fiber by frictional contact therewith.

4. A fiber treating device comprising a passage for conducting sliver and a series of fiber parallelizing means having rounded fiber-contacting surfaces of transverse location with reference to the sliver path and disposed at intervals along itand adjoining, and projecting into, said path and exerting a frictional drag on the sliver bers by frictional contact therewith.

5. A fiber treating device comprising a passage for conducting a sliver having a laterally extended inlet and a contracted outlet, and a series of parallel frictional drag members of rounded-rib fiber-contacting contour arranged in planes. right angular to the sliver path and located at intervals along it and adjoining, and projecting into, said path.

6. A fiber treating appliance consisting of an enclose-d passage for conducting sliver and a series of successively acting rib surfaces disposed at intervals. along and transverselyof the sliver path in said enclo-sed passage and projecting inwardly from the enclosing wall thereof, whereby in the movement of the sliver through the passage lthe said contact surfaces exercise a repeated fiber smoothing and parallelizing effect and the air draft through the enclosed passage licks in any fluff as it is formed, thus returning it to the sliver.

7. A liber treating appliance consisting of an enclosed passage for conducting sliver and a series of successively actingtransverse rib surfaces disposed at intervals along the sliver path and` projecting inward from the inner surface of the enclosing wall of said passage on at least two opposite sides thereof, whereby the contact surfaces exercise a repeated fiber smoothing` and parallelizing effect and the air draft produced by the movement of the sliver through the enclosed passage licks in any fluff as it is produced, thus continuously returning it to the sliver without permitting it to accumulate..

8. A fiber treating device comprising an enclosed passage for conducting a sliver having an extended inlet and a contracted outlet and a. series of fiber parallelizing means consisting of parallel frictonal drag members of rounded rib, fiber-contacting contour arranged in planes transverse to the sliver path and projecting inward from the enclosed passage at intervals along its length, whereby as the sliver is moved through the enclosed passage the resulting air draft licks in any fluff as it is formed thus returning it to the sliver and whereby the parallelization of the fibers is more perfectly effected.l l

9. A fiber treating device for conducting a sliver comprising a trough or conduit having a narrow elongated portion and provided at one end with a. splayed mouth or inlet and at the other with a contracted outlet, and an intermediate series of fiber-contacting ribs projecting inward from .the enclosing wall of the conduit and arranged in planes right angular to the sliver path.

10. A fiber treating appliance consisting of an enclosed passage having an enlarged inlet and a restricted outlet, and a longitudinal series of transversely arranged rib surfaces projecting inward from the enclosing wall of said'passage at intervals along its length and constituting means for exerting a drag upon the liber of the sliver as it is moved through the enclosed passage, the said enclosed passage including a hinged closure permitting inspection of the sliver but normally adapted to form part of the sliver enclosing passage, whereby as the sliver is moved therethrough the air draft thus created licks in any fluff as it is formed,

'returning it to the sliver.

l1. A fiber treating appliance consisting of an enclosed sliver conducting passage having a removable cover provided with transverse fiber contacting ribs.

l2. A fiber treating appliance consisting of an enclosed sliver conducting passage having internal transversely arranged ribs formed integrally with the wall of the passage.

13. A fiber treating appliance consisting of an enclosed sliver conducting passage having transverse internal fiber-contacting ribs and a restricted outlet.

14. A fiber treating appliance. consisting of a covered trough |constituting a sliver conducting passage and` having a narrow elongated portion provided witlra downward restricted outletJ In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. t

JAMES HENRY DAWSON. 

